@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001081,
 author = {宇野, 日出生 and Uno, Hideo},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 滋賀県草津市下笠町は、琵琶湖の南端東部寄りに位置する集落で、肥沃な平野部に開けた地域である。ここでは中世において発達した村落が確認できるとともに、頭屋行事を通して祭祀と神饌の関係を位置づけることが重要なポイントであることが判明した。
下笠の頭屋行事は、老杉神社を含んだ八か村の座から構成されている。この八か村は、現在の下笠町内の行政区域（十一地区）とは、全く一致しない。旧八か村（八地区）は、殿村・細男村・王之村・獅子村・鉾之村・天王村・十禅師村・今村を指し、この村の順列に則して、毎年一か村が頭屋行事をつとめるのである。各村は血縁によって構成され、日常生活や祭祀の基本単位を形成した。「神事記録」によると、十四世紀後半から十六世紀前半においての祭礼行事が確認できる。特に上記の宮座八か村の存在形態は極めて重要な役割を成しているが、現行の老杉神社の諸祭礼中において、八か村が関わりを有する祭礼は、かかる頭屋行事のみである。
なおこの祭礼行事にとって、もうひとつ重要な部分は、頭屋で調製された特殊神饌の調進献供にあった。また祭り本日における神社での献饌や撤饌の儀礼中には、祭祀組織の古態を残していた。本稿では以上の視点のもとに、頭屋行事を通して村落祭祀の機能やその構造について究明するものである。, Shimogasa-cho, in Kusatsu City, Shiga Prefecture is a community located near the eastern part of the south end of Lake Biwa, and has been developed as fertile fields. In this area it is possible to identify villages that developed in the Middle Ages, and it also serves as an important point from which to position the relationship between festivals and shinsen (food offerings to the gods), through rituals held by the toya (family on duty).
A traditional toya event in Shimogasa involved the za of eight villages including the Oisugi Jinja shrine. These eight villages do not correspond to the administrative districts (11 districts) that exist in Shimogasa-cho today at all. The old eight villages (eight districts) consisted of Tono-no-mura, Hosootoko-mura, Oh-no-mura, Shishi-no-mura, Hoko-no-mura, Tenoh-mura, Juzenji-mura, and Imamura, and every year, in this order, these villages took turns being responsible for the toya events for that year. Each village was formed through blood relationships and was the basic unit of daily life and ritual. From the Shinji Kiroku (“Shrine Rituals Record”) we can identify festival events and affairs from the latter half of the fourteenth century through the first half of the sixteenth century. The importance of the contribution of the miyaza (council of elders who represented families who claimed association with a local shrine and who annually elected a shrine official to run festivals) in the above-mentioned eight villages is particularly evident. However, among the various festivals at the Oisugi Jinja shrine in present times, these toya events are the only festival events that involve those eight villages.
Another important part of the festival ritual was the preparation and presentation of special food offerings to the god, which were performed at the toya's house. In addition, on the day of the festival, the protocol for presenting and taking back the offerings show some traces of the old forms of festival organization. In this paper I intend to elucidate the structure and function of village festivals through toya events, based on the above.},
 pages = {221--273},
 title = {村落祭祀の機能と構造 : 滋賀県草津雫笠町の頭屋行事を中心に},
 volume = {98},
 year = {2003},
 yomi = {ウノ, ヒデオ}
}