{"created":"2023-05-15T14:46:15.945837+00:00","id":1180,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"fd9467fa-36a4-4879-bcb4-63208121e361"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"1180","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1180"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001180","sets":["21:134"]},"author_link":["3071","3072"],"control_number":"1180","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2003-10-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"120","bibliographicPageStart":"93","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"108","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"これまで南北朝〜室町期の東国荘園は、守護や国人一揆によって侵食され、荘園年貢の京上はとるに足らないものと考えられ、独立性の強い東国国家論の根拠となってきた。本稿は、東国荘園からの領家年貢がどのような京上システムの下にあったかを具体的に解明し、それを国家的に保障していた「武家御沙汰」の内実をあきらかにしようとした。先ず、室町幕府は貞和二年（一三四六）に東国の将軍家御料所を鎌倉府に委任してその三分一を京上させる体制を「条々事書」に定めた。この年、国司領家年貢を地頭らが未済した場合の処理法を定め、年貢未済額の五分一の下地を分付させるとともに当知行人・新領主に弁償させる体制を追加法二五条として制定した。その具体化が東国荘園の中でどのようになされていたかを検討すると、第一に東国荘園の領家年貢は地頭職をもった鎌倉寺社や地頭らが京上し、領家方から返抄・請取状を確保していたことが判明した。第二には、九条家領甲斐国志摩荘に代表されるように南北朝期に代官請負に出し、領家年貢に難渋・不法があった場合には雑掌が武家に提訴して武家によって罪科に処する国家的保障体制が成立していた。第三に、東国公家領が禅宗寺院に寄進された東国禅宗寺院領では、院主や給主による代官や使僧を頻繁に都鄙間を往反させて荘務組織を充実させ、国下行を増やし、守護との契約を締結して領家年貢の京上システムを構築していた。しかも、このいずれにおいても、在地で年貢未済や対捍が起きると、領家側雑掌は幕府や鎌倉府に提訴して将軍家御教書や鎌倉府奉行人連署奉書を獲得し、幕府―鎌倉府・守護―守護代―国人という遵行・打渡ルートによって押領人や対捍人を罪科に処する体制になっており、領家年貢京上システムを国家的に保障する体制ができていたことをあきらかにした。そのため、国人層による領家年貢対捍闘争は、幕府・鎌倉府・守護らによる遵行体制に敵対することを意味しており、それゆえ鎌倉公方との主従関係に依拠して反幕府行動という政治闘争に出ていかざるをえなかったことを論じた。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"It is generally believed that during the course of the Nanboku and Muromachi periods, leagues (ikki) of shugo and kokujin encroached on shoen holdings in the eastern provinces and that annual shoen taxes to the capital Kyo (modern-day Kyoto) were inconsequential, a belief that supports the theory of a strongly independent east. This study examines in detail how ryoke taxes were delivered to the capital and attempts to clarify the state-wide role that military house inquiries (gosata) served to ensure delivery. In 1364 (Jokyo 2), in a series of articles called Jojo kotogaki, the Muromachi Bakufu delegated shogunal lands in the east to the Kamakurafu, one-third the taxes of which would be delivered to the capital. The same year, in a supplementary code of twenty-five articles, it also devised procedures for redressing taxes that local jito failed to pay on behalf of kokushi and ryoke, establishing a system that alloted one-fifth the value of unpaid taxes in land to jito while compensating proprietors. An examination of the details of this process in the eastern provinces reveals several practices. First, jito officers―Kamakura-area temples and jito―who submitted ryoke taxes from eastern shoen secured receipts of payment (hensho or uketorijo) from their respective ryoke. Second, as exemplified by the Shimanosho property in Kai Province (held by the Kujo house), to which a daikan had been assigned responsibility for overseeing the shoen, a state-wide system of petitioning existed to ensure payments; in the event of problems or illegalities related to the ryoke's taxes, a zassho (administrator) would submit a petition to a military house which would then impose penalties. Third, in the case of eastern Zen temple properties which were the result of lands donated by aristocratic houses, the system of ryoke tax delivery depended on contracts with local shugo and increased intercourse with the provinces; its elaborate administrative framework involved frequent travel to and from the capital by property daikan and temple messengers. In any of these cases, whenever taxes went unpaid or were opposed, the ryoke administrator (zassho) would file a complaint with the Bakufu or Kamakurafu in order to secure a government order (a migyosho or bugyonin rensho hosho respectively). Embezzlers and defaulters would thus be punished within the hierarchy of directives and land transfers that existed between the Bakufu, the Kamakurafu and shugo, shugodai, and kokujin. As shown in this study, a state-level system clearly existed in order to ensure delivery of ryoke taxes to the capital. The study further argues that kokujin resistance to ryoke taxation was thus opposition to the Bakufu, Kamakurafu, and shugo chain of command and that kokujin had little other choice than to rely on their ties of service to the Kamakura Kubo in their political struggle against the Bakufu.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"開館20周年記念論文集","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"Special Issue for the 20th Anniversary of National Museum of Japanese History","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00001163","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第108集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun5/index.html#no108","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"井原, 今朝男","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"イハラ, ケサオ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Ihara, Kesao","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_108_29.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.5 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_108_29.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/1180/files/kenkyuhokoku_108_29.pdf"},"version_id":"75c2507c-d4d0-41c7-9802-fc77ecb7fe08"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"東国荘園年貢の京上システムと国家的保障体制 : 室町期再版荘園制論(2)","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"東国荘園年貢の京上システムと国家的保障体制 : 室町期再版荘園制論(2)","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"The State-level System to Assure Annual Tax Deliveries to Kyo from Shoen in the Eastern Provinces","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["134"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"1180","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["東国荘園年貢の京上システムと国家的保障体制 : 室町期再版荘園制論(2)"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-09-01T02:10:13.161700+00:00"}