{"created":"2023-05-15T14:46:22.470430+00:00","id":1312,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"370e7e10-cb2a-4687-ba9d-0aead3fa7cfb"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"1312","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1312"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001312","sets":["21:145"]},"author_link":["3331","3332"],"control_number":"1312","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2004-03-27","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"49","bibliographicPageStart":"31","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"119","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"In the Japanese archipelago, sharp-edged stone tools and weapons were replaced by iron implements. Bronze tools never become the primary type. However, one may call the unique culture of the Yayoi period (5th or 4th B.C. to 3rd centuries A.D.), in which bronze implements had special applications, a bronze culture. Bronze implements appeared in Japan during the Yayoi period when rice cultivation began in earnest. The original source of the Japanese bronze tools was the Central Plain of China and the direct source was the Korean peninsula.\nIn northern Kyusyu, practical weapons brought from the Korean peninsula were used as weapons and as burial accessories. However, shortly thereafter, bronze implement became progressively larger. Blades and sockets were no longer affixed and the implements lost their function as weapons. Iron swords and daggers came to be used as weapons. Bronze halberds and socketed spearheads were made larger and ceased to be used as burial accessories in graves. They came to be buried in the ground on the outskirts of villages and on the slopes of hills and mountains at the edges of plains.\nBronze bells representative of the bronze implement of the Kinki and Tokai regions are very different from those of their original sources in China and the Korean peninsula. From the beginning, Japanese bronze bells were large and become progressively larger. As they approached the zenith of their size, their production was suddenly halted. They all were patterned and some had drawings on them. The figures drawing the bronze bells are mainly deer, heron, cranes and human figures. According to ancient Japanese literarture, folklore and lifestyles, deer represented the spirit of the land, cranes and heron represented the spirit of rice and human figures represented the ancestors. One may conclude that these bronze bells were religious implements to sanctify the most important gods of the era, the spirits for rice crops; land, rice and the ancestors.\nIn the Central Plain in China where bronze bells originated, they were religious implements which beckoned the gods by the sound and radiance of metal. This characteristic did not change as the bells were transmitted through China's North-eastern region (Liaoning) and across the Korean peninsula. However, during the transition bronze bells ceased to be rung and came to be solely objects to be looked at. The large bronze bells became regalia which held a spiritual meaning. They became the symbols of groups. This also influenced the people of northean Kyusyu who came to possess weapon-like regalia and began the trend toward larger bells.\nThe bronze bells were used as enshrinement implements passed from generation to generation over time. Finally, they were buried in the ground according to a certain method. The bells'burial locations are the same as those at which bronze implement was buried in northern Kyusyu. These are locations that can be considered the border between the human world and the natural world. If one estimates the period of the burials from the beginning of the first century A.D. to the latter half of the second century, this corresponds to periods of crisis and warfare in the Japanese archipelago. These burials were probably meant as offerings of the most important symbol of one's group to the gods as a prayer for victory in battle.\nOnly specific types of Japanese bronze implement, such as bronze swords, spears and bells for use in rituals and as group symbols, was produced in large amounts. The raw materials for bronze implement were obtained first from the Korean peninsula and later from northern China. The center of bronze implement production was in the northern Kyusyu, Kinki and Tokai regions. It seems there was also production in northern Shikoku and the San'in regions. In the Kinki region, production was in northern Osaka, southern Osaka and Nara. There are differences in shape and size. The value of bronze religious implements was extremely high. The distribution of bronze bells had the significance of creation of a common spiritual world with specific rituals employing bronze bells. Moreover, the party which bestowed the bells imposed some sort of debt onto the party which received them. The fact that bells distributed in the same area were created by several production groups suggests there may have been competition among the production groups for distribution.\nAs bronze ware shifted from general religious implements to group symbols, the geographical consolidation of groups was accomplished. That is to say fate and the rise and fall of political power was combined. Production of both the bronze spears of Kyusyu and the bronze bells of the Kinki and Tokai regions ceased immediately after they reached their largest dimensions. That was due to the fact that a final outcome to the battles for political power had been reached and a new symbol was created. Strongly connected to the development of the political world and based on the condition that raw materials could not be obtained at an individual's expense, bronze implement of Japan developed as a group symbol. Therefore, bronze culture of Japan was different from those of China, the Korean peninsula and Southeast Asia.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[第3回歴博国際シンポジウム] 東アジアにおける農耕社会の形成と文明への道","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[The 3rd REKIHAKU International Symposium of the National Museum of Japanese History] The Formation of Agricutural Societies and Civilization in East Asia","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00001295","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第119集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun5/index.html#no119","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"春成, 秀爾","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ハルナリ, ヒデジ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Harunari, Hideji","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_119_03.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.7 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_119_03.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/1312/files/kenkyuhokoku_119_03.pdf"},"version_id":"117939d6-a235-4367-b136-07fba96f9cdc"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"日本の青銅器文化と東アジア（序論）","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"日本の青銅器文化と東アジア（序論）","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"The Bronze Culture of Japan viewed from East Asia (Introduction)","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["145"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"1312","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["日本の青銅器文化と東アジア（序論）"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-10-19T05:36:58.530416+00:00"}