@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001397,
 author = {新井, 勝紘 and Arai, Katsuhiro},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {application/pdf, 日本における軍事郵便制度の確立は、一八九四年の日清戦争時に出された勅令がはじまりで、前史としては、一八七四年に太政官布告の「飛信逓送規則」がある。非常時の特別郵便の必要性は早くから認識されていた。日清戦争時だけでも内地と戦地とを合せて一二三九万通余りの量になり、日露戦争時には四億六千万通近い数になっている。戦争の規模も動員数も日清戦争とは大きな隔たりがあるが、その取扱い件数は桁違いで、軍事郵便規則や軍事郵便取扱規程が定められ、我国の軍事郵便制度は日露戦争を契機として整ったといえる。その後増補改正をしつつ、アジア太平洋戦争へとつながり、一九四六年まで続く。
このように軍事郵便史を紐解くと、日本の近代史に刻印されている戦争の姿がみえてくる。それは当然ながら、国民意識にも強い影響を与えている。二一世紀に入り、日露戦争一〇〇年、戦後六〇年という節目の年を迎えているが、日本近現代史研究のなかでも、改めてさまざまな視点による戦争研究が活発になり、とりわけ戦争参加が最初で最後の外国体験となった兵士の立場に注目し、かれらの戦争体験を改めて分析対象に据えてみようと多くの取り組みがなされている。個人のプライベイトな手紙である軍事郵便研究もその流れのひとつといえよう。ではいったい、軍事郵便研究の足跡はどのようになっているのだろうか。すでに複数の成果があるが、まだ数が少ない。軍事郵便そのものの発掘と公開が遅れており、筐底に埋もれたまま放置されている。戦争体験者も高齢化し、間もなく直接の聞き取りも困難になる。この現実の上にたって改めて軍事郵便に注目してみると、制度史、郵便そのものの内容分析と比較検討、兵士の戦争体験の中身、銃後の人々の意識、その往復過程での相乗作用、野戦郵便局と検閲の変遷と実態、先行研究の文献確認と課題などが山のように見えてきたが、まず本稿は基礎的研究から着手し、今後の私の研究の端緒としたい。, The establishment of a Japanese military postal service began with an imperial edict issued in 1894 at the time of the Sino-Japanese War, though there had been a previous proclamation by state officials in 1874 of regulations pertaining to a service for rapid official correspondence. The need for a special postal service at times of emergency was recognized early on. During the Sino-Japanese War alone, some 12.39 million letters were sent between home and the battlefield, with this number climbing to 460 million letters during the Russo-Japanese War. This later war varied greatly from the Sino-Japanese War in terms of scale and the number of mobilized troops, and it could be said that Japan's military postal service was established during the Russo-Japanese War due to the enactment of military postal service rules and regulations as a means of coping with this vast increase in mail. These rules and regulations continued to be enhanced and revised up to and through the time of the Pacific War. The service ended in 1946.
Unraveling the history of the military postal service in this way affords a glimpse of wars which are firmly imprinted in the modern history of Japan. It is only natural that it has a strong influence on national consciousness. This year, 2005, marks the passing of a century since the Russo-Japanese war and 60 years since the end of the Second World War and has seen a flurry of research from a variety of perspectives. In particular, by focusing on the standpoint of soldiers whose first and last experiences overseas were participating in war, there are many projects that seek to focus on a new study of their war experiences. Research into the military postal service, which involves the private letters of individuals, is one branch of this research. That being so, it begs the question of where are the signs of research into the military postal service? Although there have been several findings, they are few in number. The uncovering and public disclosure of the military postal service itself is belated, and has been left lying at the bottom of boxes. Those who experienced the war are aging, and in a short time it will be difficult to find anyone with first-hand experience to talk with directly. Given this fact, attention is being directed once more to the military postal service. Basic research has started on the history of the system, a study of the postal service itself and a comparative study of the two services, the details of the war experiences of soldiers, the consciousness of those behind the lines, the synergistic actions of the reciprocal process of the service, field post offices and changes to censorship, and confirming documents and issues related to previous research. All of this has created a mountain of issues, which serve as a good starting point for future research.},
 pages = {67--85},
 title = {軍事郵便の基礎的研究(序)},
 volume = {126},
 year = {2006},
 yomi = {アライ, カツヒロ}
}