@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001477,
 author = {榎村, 寛之 and Emura, Hiroyuki},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 宝亀三年（七七二）、光仁天皇の皇后井上内親王が天皇を呪誼した罪で廃された。この事件は有名ではあるが、これまでは単なる政治闘争の一形態として理解されてきた。
先帝で、井上の姉妹の称徳天皇は、女帝であることを除けば、最も律令制的な手続きを踏んで即位した天皇であった。しかも皇后的な権威をも有し、武力で復位しており、さらに出家者であったため仏法主導の元で神々が王権を守護するというイデオロギーで支えられていた。彼女は権力そのものの象徴であり、男女を超え、律令体制下で天皇権力の専制性を究極にまで押し進めたと理解できる。光仁天皇・井上皇后段階の政治課題は、天皇を、どのように律令体制下に位置づけなおすか、ということであった。
しかし光仁天皇は、聖武天皇の娘である井上の婿として即位しており、その没後には、井上が皇太后臨朝、または即位する可能性があった。そして井上には、元・斎王という経歴があり、伊勢神宮と深い関係を持っていた。井上の皇后在位期に、斎王が未定のままで称徳朝に途絶していた斎宮が造営されたが、この斎宮の、斎王の住む内院は、一つの区画の中で塀によって区分された生活空間と儀礼空間で構成されており、周辺に未整理の付属施設を伴った宮殿的な施設であった。続く桓武天皇段階の斎宮では、官衙区画を構成する方格地割の設計が優先され、内院は区画の中に組み込まれる。この改造では、長岡京の造営を意識しつつ、儀礼環境の整備、確立と継承など、斎王の権威より斎宮の都市化、定型化を押し進めたもので、「システムとして受け継がれるべき斎宮と斎王」へと転換したと考えられる。
このように井上は「元・斎王」の皇后として、伊勢神宮を背景に特殊な権力を有しており、もし即位することがあれば、再び聖俗混交した専制王権が復活する可能性が高かった。井上廃后事件は、こうした「皇后」「女帝」「斎王」の権力を無化するために行われたイデオロギー闘争だったのである。, The dethronement of Emperor Konin's wife Empress Inoue in 772 is known for having altered Japan's ancient imperial lineage from the Emperor Temmu branch to the Emperor Tenji branch of the imperial family. However, analysis of Empress Inoue's political position is long overdue.
Aside from the fact that the late Empress Shotoku, Empress Inoue's sister, was a female ruler, she ascended the throne following a procedure that suited “Ritsuryo law” most of all. Furthermore, she was restored by military power, and because she also had the authority of an empress and had renounced family and secular life to devote herself to Buddhism, she had been supported by an ideology in which deities of a Buddhist-oriented Ise Shrine protected the imperial throne. She was a symbol of power with regard to both politics and ideology and can be understood as having pushed imperial autocracy to the utmost extreme. The nobles who sought to put Empress Inoue and her husband Emperor Konin on the throne believed that they could curb this burgeoning imperial authority and reposition them under the Ritsuryo system.
Emperor Konin ascended to the throne because he was the husband of Empress Inoue who was the daughter of Emperor Shomu. After Emperor Konin died Empress Inoue's son Prince Osabe assumed the throne. It was possible for either Empress Inoue to take political control as the empress dowager or for her son to rule from the throne. Because she had served as Saio (High Priestess) at Ise Shrine, the home of the imperial tutelary deities, she could also have reigned as a religious leader.
While she was empress a Saiku, which served as a small settlement where the Saio resided, was built, though this custom had been stopped during the earlier reign of Empress Shotoku. It is thought that the Saiku (Saio's palace and office) built during this period included the Saio's quarters. Magnificent and huge, they were palatial and included a living space and ceremonial space in one section surrounded by incomplete ancillary facilities. However, during the reign of Emperor Kammu that followed, a palace for the Saio was incorporated in the grid-shaped administrative section. While this remodeling was undertaken with the construction of the Nagaoka capital in mind, it impelled the urbanization and stereotyping of the Saiku through the provision of a ritualistic environment, the establishment and continuation of ceremonies and the formation of land divided into squares. From being a palace for an individual Saio, the Saiku became one of the administrative mechanisms of the state, resulting in the institutionalization of the Saiku and the Saio.
As an empress dowager who had served as a Saio, Inoue possessed an authority that united the sacred and secular underpinned by the religious authority of Ise Shrine. If she had ascended to the throne, her reign would have been autocratic with unique religious elements. The political situation at that time operated to remove this kind of authority and the dethronement of Inoue took place to eliminate the possibility of a repeat of a spiritual throne. As an ideological struggle that questioned autocratic imperial power her dethronement occurred to remove all power from an “empress dowager”, “empress” and “Saio”.},
 pages = {27--46},
 title = {元・斎王井上内親王廃后事件と八世紀王権の転成（第Ⅰ部　王権論）},
 volume = {134},
 year = {2007},
 yomi = {エムラ, ヒロユキ}
}