{"created":"2023-05-15T14:46:38.089419+00:00","id":1633,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"7b3a40ca-897e-441f-85fb-579fe0447669"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"1633","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1633"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001633","sets":["21:171"]},"author_link":["4005","4006"],"control_number":"1633","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2008-11-30","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"251","bibliographicPageStart":"229","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"145","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"ヒンバはバントゥ系の牧畜民であり，現在はナミビア北西部とアンゴラ南部の国境付近に暮らしている。彼らの居住域のうちナミビア側の地域はカオコランドと呼ばれている。ヒンバと，カオコランドやナミビア中部および隣国ボツアナに暮らすヘレロは，髪型や服装などの外見は大きく異なるものの同じ言語を話し，共通の祖先や社会・文化的な類似点をもつ近しい集団として互いを認めている。彼らの祖先は16世紀なかばに今のザンビア南部からアンゴラ南部を経てカオコランドにやってきたとされる。\nヒンバやヘレロの祖先たちは，その後もしばらくはナミビアやアンゴラ，ボツワナなどを含めた広い範囲で移動をくり返していたが，現在ではそうした大きな移動はみられず，とくに今日のナミビアにおいては，人びとは10キロメートルから広くても2,30キロメートル四方のごく狭い範囲で遊動生活をおくっている。そうした彼らの移動の歴史や現在の遊動形態は，他の民族集団によるレイディングやドイツ植民地政府および南アフリカ政府によるナミビア統治の歴史と大きくかかわっている。\n本稿では他の民族集団や統治政策とのかかわりからヒンバとヘレロの移動の歴史を整理し，とくに20世紀以降についてはカオコランドのヒンバの暮らしに焦点をあてる。そして，南アフリカ政府が首長制を新たに導入したり人びとの移動を厳しく制限する人種隔離的な政策をとるなかで，ヒンバが現在のような小さな遊動形態をとるに至り，さらにはそれぞれの集団がみずからの居住エリアを「われわれの土地」であると強く認識して，周辺住民など他者の家畜の侵入や土地資源の利用をつよく排除するようになってきたことを明らかにする。また，南アフリカの統治政策以降，レイデディングはなくなったが，現在では住民どうし，あるいはヘッドマンと住民のあいだで土地資源の利用をめぐる対立が起きたり，開発計画をめぐって政府とヒンバが対立するなどの新たな問題が起こっている。本稿ではそうした事例をいくつか示し，それらに関する人びとの対応の様態から，過去の統治政策が現在のヒンバにどのような影響をもたらしたのかを浮き彫りにしつつ，ヒンバと土地のかかわりの変遷と今日の実態を明らかにする。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"Himba and Herero are bantu-speaking pastoral people of southern Africa. Although today they differ considerably in appearance, including features such as hairstyle and clothing, they speak the same language and recognize each other as closely related groups sharing same ancestors and social/ cultural similarities. According to their oral history and literature, their ancestors came to south-western Namibia from northward, through southern Zambia and southern Angola, in the mid-16th century. Some of them had gone as far as central Namibia by the mid-18th century. Till the beginning of 20th century the some ancestors of Himba and Herero used to move far, for example some of them moved from the area of Namibia to Angola or Botswana for escaping with their life from raiding by other ethnic groups or the war with German colonial government.\nToday Himba live north-western Namibia and south-western Angola. Many Herero live in central Namibia, some live in north-western Namibia and also in Botswana. In the case of Namibia they usually lead a small nomadic life which people repeat to move only at close distance seasonally and/or occasionally.\nIn this article, I have organized the history of Himba and Herero’s migration in reference to their relations with other ethnic groups and some policies when Namibia was under German or South African rules; and for the period following the 20th century, I have focused especially on the case of Himba in Kaokoland. There I shall clarify the process through which the Himba came to lead a small nomadic life in such a small area as they do today. I shall also explain how they came to strongly recognize their dwelling area as their land which its habitants have priority over other area’s people on its use and management.\nSince the South African mandatory day, which government severely restricted native people’s migration, there is no raiding between ethnic groups but other problems have arisen, including conflicts over land resources among inhabitants, or those happening between the government and some Himba people over development plans. With pointing out such incidents and referring to the way in which people responded to them, I shall explain about the influence of past governance policies on the present Himba’s life and view of the history of the relationship between Himba and land.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00001616","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第145集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun6/index.html#no145","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"吉村, 郊子","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ヨシムラ, サトコ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Yoshimura, Satoko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_145_07.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.7 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_145_07.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/1633/files/kenkyuhokoku_145_07.pdf"},"version_id":"0303b45f-b634-4e9a-8ab6-bc33a441996e"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"ナミビア","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"ヒンバ（ヘレロ）","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"土地","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"植民地統治","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"開発","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Namibia","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Himba and Herero","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"land","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"colonial day","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"development","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"ナミビアの牧畜民ヒンバと土地のかかわり : その歴史と現在","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ナミビアの牧畜民ヒンバと土地のかかわり : その歴史と現在","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"Land and People : the Case of Himba, Pastoral People in Namibia ; Their History and Present","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["171"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"1633","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ナミビアの牧畜民ヒンバと土地のかかわり : その歴史と現在"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-08-09T00:10:52.969049+00:00"}