@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001733,
 author = {海津, 一朗 and Kaizu, Ichiro},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 中世民衆の変革思想として注目される徳政（復活）の歴史的な位置について，先行研究の論点を整理した上で，高野山金剛峯寺の中核荘園である南部荘の新出史料を検討材料として具体的に考察する。その際，研究史上の最大の争点と思われる顕密仏教改革派の意義付けについて特別の注目をした。高野山領紀伊国南部荘では，通説と異なり中世前期以来，全荘規模の土一揆が発生して鎮守一宮を拠点に自治が行なわれているが，それは荘園領主代替わりや天下飢饉という条件下における百姓の徳政要求に根ざしたものであった。蒙古襲来の緊張のもと，異国征伐の徳政を希求する百姓の要求は，関東地頭と導御上人（唐招提寺律宗改革派）によって民衆運動に組織され，高度の河川灌漑と鍛冶工房敷設など卓抜した技術改革が進行して港湾・都市の整備が進んだ。一宮を変革実現の拠点にしようとした百姓の運動が，聖地興行により御霊宮を荘鎮守にしようとはかった領主層によって組織された時点で政治勢力としての惣国が成立したと評価されよう。このような徳政をめぐる鬩ぎ合いのなかで成立した紀州惣国は，一向一揆による自治を経てピークを迎え，1585年の統一権力による軍事侵攻「秀吉の平和」により終止符を打たれたのである。, In this paper, the author discusses the historical position of tokusei (cancellation of debts; lit: “virtuous government”) (reinstatement) , an aspect focused on in thinking on popular reform in Japan's medieval period. In addition to sorting through arguments presented in previous research, the author examines in detail historical materials on the Minabe-no-Sho shoen , which was the key shoen of Kongobu-ji temple on Mount Koya, that have recently come to light. Special attention is paid to the significance of the reformist group of Kenmitsu (exoteric-esoteric) Buddhism, the major point of contention in research on this topic.
In contrast to prevailing theory, although after the first half of the medieval period there were warrior uprisings across the entire Minabe-no-Sho shoen in Kii province ruled from Mount Koya which resulted in self-government with the tutelary Ichinomiya shrine as its base, this originated from peasants'requests for tokusei when a new lord took over the shoen or when a famine occurred. These requests by peasants for tokusei during the tense times of the Mongol invasion of Japan so that they could fight this foreign country were organized into a popular movement by Kanto jito (land stewards) and the Buddhist monk Dogyo of the Risshu reformist sect at Toshodai- ji temple. This saw the development of ports and urban centers as a result of great technological reforms, such as advanced river irrigation and the establishment of blacksmiths. The peasant movement that sought to use the Ichinomiya shrine as a base for reforms gave rise to the sokoku as a political force at the stage when the movement was organized by those of ryoshu rank (shoen lords) who attempted to turn goryo shrines into tutelary shoen shrines. The Kishu-sokoku created amid these struggles over tokusei reached its zenith after achieving self-government through these uprisings, and was ended by the military invasion known as“Hideyoshi's peace”when Hideyoshi came to power and sought to complete the unification of the country in1585.},
 pages = {357--370},
 title = {日本中世民衆運動の思想 : 紀州惣国の成立過程（第2部 古代・中世イデオロギーの研究）},
 volume = {152},
 year = {2009},
 yomi = {カイヅ, イチロウ}
}