@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001735, author = {鈴木, 信 and Suzuki, Makoto}, journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History}, month = {Mar}, note = {application/pdf, 続縄文文化の遺構・遺物には,「変異性が強く・現地性が弱く・転移は容易・伝達する際に欠落しにくい」という表出的属性,「変異性が弱く・現地性が強く・転移は容易でなく・伝達する際に欠落しやすい」という内在的属性,それらの中間的属性が備わる。また,属性における不変性・現地性の強弱は「遺構の内在的属性≧遺物の内在的属性>遺構の表出的属性>遺物の表出的属性」である。そして,内在的属性の転移は親密な接触によって伝わり,表出的属性の転移は疎遠な接触においても成立する。そのため,内在的属性の転移は型式変化の「大変」といえ,表出的属性の転移は型式変化の「小変」といえる。 遺構・遺物の型式変化とは時空系における属性転移であり,空間分布の差異として第一~五の類型で現れる。そして,属性はコト・モノ・ヒトの授受に付帯して転移し,転移先において文化同化・文化異化・文化交代を起こす。 物質交換は文化接触の一種であり,異質接触(渡海交易)においては「もの」を動かすために「かかわり」があり,社会的関係を緊密にすることで物理的距離を克服する(「ソト」関係の「ウチ」化)。同質接触(域内交易)においては「かかわり」の結果として「もの」が動き,基底には社会的距離が恒常的に縮んだ関係(「ウチ」の関係)において行われた。 渡海交易と域内交易と生業の関係は弥生後期に東北地方に起こった利器の鉄器化が誘因となり,その後,鉄器の流通量が増加することで,域内交易は交換財の調節機能の強化が求められ,生業は交易原資のための毛皮猟とそれを支える生業の二重構造を生み出す。渡海交易Ⅱa段階に渡海交易・域内交易・生業が直結して文化異化がおこる。渡海交易Ⅱb~Ⅳ段階には鉄器・鋼の需要が恒常的となり文化異化が継続する。Ⅳ段階には文化異化が収束し,交易仲介の役割を失った東北在住の北海道系続縄文人が故地に帰ることで新たに東北地方から北海道への属性転移が生じる(擦文文化の成立)。, Ruins and artifacts from Epi-Jomon culture have the expressive attributes of“high variability, wide-ranging localization, being easily transferable and not going missing when transmitted.”They possess the inherent attributes of“low variability, narrow-ranging localization, being not easily transferable and becoming easily lost when transmitted.”And they posess the neutral attributes between the expressive attributes and the inherent attributes. The strength or weakness of the immutability and localization of attributes means“the inherent attributes of ruins≧the inherent attributes of artifacts > the expressive attributes of ruins > the expressive attributes of artifacts. Further, inherent attributes are transferred through close contact and expressive attributes develop under estranged contact. As a result, the transfer of inherent attributes constitutes a “major change”in type and the transfer of expressive attributes consticutes a“minor change”in type. Type changes to ruins and artifacts involve the transfer of attributes over time and space and appear in first to fifth types that represent variations in spatial distribution. Attributes transfer incidentally with the transfer of abstract things, material things and people, and bring about cultural assimilation, cultural dissimilation and cultural replacement at the destination of the transfer. The exchange of material things is a type of cultural contact. In heterogeneous contact (overseas trade) there is“involvement”in order to move“material things”and physical distance is overcome by making close-knit social relationships (“outside” relationships become“inside” relationships”) . In the case of homogeneous contact (intraregional trade) ,“Material things”move as a result of“involvement”and this contact occurs on top of relationships (“inside”relationships) with constantly narrowing social distance. In Late Yayoi the advent of iron edge tools in the Tohoku region was a contributing factor to overseas trade, intraregional trade and subsistance relationships. Later, the increase in the distribution volume of iron goods demanded stronger regulation of traded goods in intraregional trade, which created a dual subsistance structure of hunting for fur as a resource for trade and the subsistances that supported it. In the IIa stage of overseas trade, cultural dissimilation occurred as a result of the direct coupling of overseas trade, intraregional trade and subsistance. In stages IIb-IV of overseas trade, cultural dissimilation continued due to constant demand for steel materials and iron goods. In stage IV, cultural dissimilation converged, and there was further transfer of attributes from the Tohoku region to Hokkaido as Epi-Jomon people from Hokkaido living in Tohoku returned to their homeland after losing their role of trade intermediaries (the advent of Satsumon culture) .}, pages = {401--440}, title = {続縄文文化における物質文化転移の構造(第3部 古代接触領域の研究)}, volume = {152}, year = {2009}, yomi = {スズキ, マコト} }