@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001802,
 author = {香川, 雄一 and Kagawa, Yuichi},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 公害問題発生工場の立地と移転を通じて，研究対象地域における景観の意味づけを捉えなおした。日本において代表的な工業都市である川崎の臨海部は戦前から高度経済成長期にかけて工業地帯を形成してきた。結果的に工場が乱立する景観を構成していくのだが，工場立地当初は別の場所における公害問題発生工場が移転してきたという歴史的経緯を持つ。川崎が工業化を進めたのに対して，以前の工場立地場所である東京の深川と三浦半島の逗子はそれぞれ工場景観を消し去ってきた。深川は都心周辺部の居住地や業務地区さらに周囲には庭園を備えるように景観を転換させた。逗子は高級リゾート地と大衆観光地の両方で臨海部の景観資源を活用していく。工場の跡地がマリーナとして整備されたことにもその一端がうかがえる。
景観の意味づけが転換可能であるのならば，時代の転機によって工場景観を備えるようになった川崎にも工業化以前の景観資源を復活させる機運が残されている。公害裁判以後の環境再生に向けた動きは，在来産業としての漁業に従事していた人々の海への思いを継承しつつ，東京湾臨海部に新たな土地利用と景観を生み出そうとしている。自然環境をいかした景観資源をとりもどす際に，活用可能である工業化以前の歴史を踏まえた経験を持つ漁業者の景観への意味づけは，物理的には存在しないもののいくつかの石碑によって確認できる。川崎が臨海部として工場立地の機能を充実化させてきたことは公害問題によって負の歴史遺産を積み重ねてきたことでもあった。しかし深川や逗子が完全なまでに公害問題発生工場の景観を消去してきたように，川崎においても過去の景観資源をとりもどし，新たな景観の意味づけを浮かび上がらせていくことが可能である。このことは景観政策において開発や産業に重きをおいた意味づけに再考を迫るとともに，今後の景観に関する議論の活性化につながるであろう。, This article studies the meaning of landscape in the location and relocation of factories that caused pollution problems. The coastal area of Kawasaki, a typical industrial city in Japan, was chosen as a target of the study. In the process of clarifying how the factories that caused pollution problems were located, the commonality of the factories being relocated because they caused pollution problems in the previous site location was confirmed.
While Kawasaki continued to form an industrial area, Fukagawa in Tokyo and Zushi in the Miura Peninsula where the factories were formerly located achieved a transformation respectively by using their landscape resources different from the factory landscape. Fukagawa formed a landscape with residential and business functions and adjacent gardens as well as a surrounding urban core area. Zushi transformed as a fine resort and a popular tourist site using tourism resources of the coastal area.
In Fukagawa, corporate laboratories were left as the remains of the industrial landscape while in Zushi, a marina resort was constructed on the former factory site. If it is possible to convert the meaning of landscape, it will be possible to use landscape resources prior to the industrialization also for Kawasaki that came to form an industrial area at a turning point of the times. In Kawasaki, feelings toward the sea of people engaged in the fishing industry as an indigenous industry are inherited. The movement for environmental reclamation after the pollution litigation may bring a new land use in the coastal area of Tokyo Bay. When landscape resources of natural environments are going to be used, the landscape prior to the industrialization may not remain; however, past landscape resources are engraved in the monuments erected by fishermen.
By reconsidering the meaning of landscape, it becomes possible to treat the past landscape as a cultural resource while incorporating the negative historical legacy of pollution problems. In that case, it is necessary not only to evaluate the factory landscape simply as an ornamental work, but also to evaluate comprehensively the change of the area near the factories and the influence given by the factories. This also leads to the judgment of the development of landscape resources not only from the viewpoint of economic policies, but also in consideration of cultural aspects and natural environments as well. It is hoped that discussions on the landscape policies will deepen by the accumulation of such case studies in the future., 一部非公開情報あり},
 pages = {97--121},
 title = {工場の立地と移転にみる景観の意味づけの変化},
 volume = {156},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {カガワ, ユウイチ}
}