{"created":"2023-05-15T14:46:45.937838+00:00","id":1817,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"93fd33c5-5785-47a5-b93b-3ab3a2e80606"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"1817","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1817"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001817","sets":["21:184"]},"author_link":["4360","4361"],"control_number":"1817","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2010-03-15","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"81","bibliographicPageStart":"51","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"157","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"これまで中世村落の一年は、農事暦が形づくる農民の四季として描かれてきた。しかし、農業に内部化しない外部的複合の生業パターンをもつ海村においては、海辺という立地環境に応じた生業の組合せによる一年の生活サイクルがあったはずである。本稿では、越前・若狭の中世海村を対象に、負担史料をもとに生業暦を復元し、各月の特徴を把握するとともに、生業の複合のあり方から海村の類型化を試みた。それにより、つぎのような中世海村の特徴を明らかにすることができた。\n一、中世海村における稲作の比重は総じて低く、所領単位として浦を設定した領主は、海村に固有の機能を期待したと考えられる。海村固有の機能は、塩・海産物の供給、畠作物・山野の産物、養蚕による絹、狩猟による獣皮など多岐におよぶが、これらの諸機能が一つの海村で全て果たされたわけではなかった。\n二、中世海村の生業暦は、漁撈・製塩・畠作・稲作・養蚕・狩猟・採集などが季節的に組み合わされて構成されている。この生業暦は、稲作の農事暦に他の生業活動が組み込まれる複合のあり方とは異なり、複数の生業が横並びで併存する外部的複合のあり方を示している。複合の様相は海村ごとに違い、生業の組合せ方で海村を四つに類型化した。\n三、製塩と漁撈の組合せを生業構成の基本とする海村の負担体系のプロトタイプは、塩と小魚の月別負担とワカメ・鮨桶に代表される季節的負担によって構成される。負担物の納期が一時期に集中しないところに、複数の生業暦がずれながら重なり合う海村の生業構造の反映を読みとることができる。\n四、中世海村の負担は、年始・歳末の礼物や五節供・神祭の節料などの「参物」系統と、季節の旬の産物による「成物」系統とに二分できる。礼物とそれに対する下行は、浦と領主との双務的な関係を再確認させ、祭礼における節料負担は生業の権益を保障する役割を果たした。「成物」の納入には領主による細かい指示がみられ、消費者としての領主の姿がうかがわれる。\n五、中世海村の生業活動と資源利用を保障する方式には、①資源利用休止期間の設定、②領主による下行と出挙、③代物・代納制の採用などがみられた。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"Until now, the calendar year in villages during the Middle Ages has been portrayed in terms of the farming seasons that made up the agricultural calendar. However, one would expect there to be an annual work cycle that combines the occupations of coastal environments where there is a heterogeneous composition of work patterns incorporating occupations that do not center on agriculture. This paper reconstructs working calendars based on historical materials on the responsibilities of coastal villages in Wakasa and Echizen in the Middle Ages. In addition to ascertaining monthly characteristics, it also classifies coastal villages according to the combination of occupations. In so doing, it identifies the following characteristics of coastal villages during this period.\n1. The importance of rice cultivation was generally low, and feudal lords with established beaches in their estates expected coastal villages to perform specific functions. These functions varied considerably, and included the supply of salt and marine produce, the cultivation of produce from fields and other land, silk produced by sericulture, and animal skins obtained from hunting. However, a single village did not engage in all of these functions.\n2. The working calendars of medieval coastal villages consisted of the seasonal incorporation of fishing, salt making, crop and rice cultivation, sericulture, hunting and gathering. These working calendars were unlike agricultural calendars that combined other occupational activities with rice cultivation in that they demonstrated a heterogeneous composition that incorporated a number of occupations coexisting side by side. The combinations of occupations varied from village to village, which are divided into four classifications according to those combinations.\n3. A basic tax-system charged on the salt-making and fishing village comprises monthly payment of salt and small-fish and seasonal payment of wakame and sushi-ok e. The occupational structure of coastal villages where the gathering of produce was not concentrated at a particular time was such that a number of working calendars overlapped each other without exactly coinciding.\n4. Medieval coastal villages had two types of two responsibilities: there was the production of mairimono that were used as offerings at New Year's , the year end, the main five festivals (Go-sekku) and other religious festivals, and the supply of produce called narimono in the different seasons. Religious offerings and the gifting of items from those of status to those below them ( gegyo) reconfirms a bilateral relationship between villages and feudal lords, in which the provision of offerings for festivals had the role of protecting occupational interests. Detailed instructions were given by feudal lords for the supply of narimono, which points to the role of feudal lords as consumers.\n5. There were three methods of protecting the occupational activities of coastal villages and the use of resources during this period. They were: 1) the establishment of periods when the use of resources ceased; 2) gifting to those of lower status (gegyo) and suiko loans given by feudal lords; and 3) the adoption of a system of substitution.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[共同研究] 中・近世における生業と技術・呪術信仰","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[Collaborative Research] Occupation, Technology, and Magical Faiths in Medieval and Early Modern Japan","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00001800","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第157集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun7/index.html#no157","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"春田, 直紀","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ハルタ, ナオキ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Haruta, Naoki","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_157_04.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.8 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_157_04.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/1817/files/kenkyuhokoku_157_04.pdf"},"version_id":"1ce0b1f8-79eb-478e-97dc-b761de91641e"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"中世海村","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"生業暦","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"越前・若狭","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"村落類型","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"外部的複合生業","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Medieval coastal villages","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"working calendar","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Echizen and Wakasa","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"village type","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"the composition of heterogeneous and various occupations.","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"中世海村の生業暦（第1部 内海と生業と技術）","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"中世海村の生業暦（第1部 内海と生業と技術）","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"Working Calendars of Coastal Villages in the Middle Ages（Part1 Inland Sea, Occupation and Technology）","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["184"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"1817","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["中世海村の生業暦（第1部 内海と生業と技術）"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-07-27T05:38:41.681549+00:00"}