@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001823,
 author = {岡田, 莊司 and Okada, Shoji},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 中世後期、吉田兼倶により吉田神道が形成された。神道説の創作がはじまる時期と信仰施設である斎場所が創設されたのは、ほぼ同時期の文明元年・二年のことであった。神道説と斎場所とは一体の関係の中で構築された。兼倶は応仁以前までは、神祇官の卜部氏の立場で、宮廷内の神祇祭祀に熱心であったが、応仁の動乱により、公事・神事は退転を余儀なくされ、また、兼倶の自邸と吉田社の焼失、さらに殺害事件に遭遇し、新たな神道への理解に歩み出すことになる。
兼倶は文明の前半期、着々と神道説の偽作と秘事化を重ねていく。これまでの久保田収・西田長男の研究により、吉田神道の成立は文明年間の初期であることが確実になってきているが、その中で用いられた史料の信憑性については、これまで十分論議されてこなかった。とくに『日本紀正義』に収められた「宗源神道誓紙」は吉田神道成立を確定できる重要な史料となるので、ここに収録された伝授書とともにその信憑性について検討した。文明の初め「壮年」となった兼倶は応仁の困難を乗り越え、「誓紙」を書くことで新たな神道説を構築していく。「誓紙」は兼倶自身に向けた意志の確認であった。
神道説の形成とともに、斎場所も文明年間の早い時期に創建されたが、ここに当初から祀られたのは、全国の官社、古代に制定された延喜式内社三千余の神々であった。兼倶は偽作までして、これを公的文書によって確認を得た。公家社会をも欺く兼倶の大胆な行動がみられる。斎場所の創設は古代以来の伝統祭祀の終焉を意味していた。同時に朝廷祭祀の殆どはここに中絶を迎えることになる。度々の公家社会をも欺く秘事の創成を経て、文明後半期以降、兼倶の吉田神道は、地域神社との繋がりを深め、神社界の棟梁として「神道長上」家の地位を確定していった。, In the late Middle Ages, Yoshida Shinto was established by Yoshida Kanemoto. It was in the first and second years of Bunmei (1469 and 1470), around the same time that the Shinto theory and saijo-sho, the religious facility, were established. Shinto theory and saijo-sho were constructed in a joint relationship. Up until Onin, Kanetomo was keen on deifying spirits in the court at the position of jingi-kan as a member of the Urabe family. However, owing to the turmoil of the Onin war, political operations and Shinto rituals were forced to backslide. In addition, Kanetomo encountered the destruction of his own residence and Yoshida Shrine by fire as well as a murder case. As such, he started to embark on a new understanding of Shinto.
Kanetomo steadily advanced a counterfeit of the Shinto theory and its concealment in the first part of the Bunmei Period. Based on research by Osamu Kubota and Nagao Nishida to date, it is now clear that Yoshida Shinto was established at the beginning of the Bunmei Period. However, credibility of the historical papers has not been sufficiently discussed. In particular, ‘Sogen Shinto seishi' in “Nihongi-seigi” is an important historical paper that makes it possible to determine the establishment of Yoshida Shinto. For this reason, I have examined initiation documents included in the paper, together with their credibility. Kanetomo, who became a “virile age” at the beginning of Bunmei, overcame difficulties at Onin and established a new Shinto theory by writing the ‘seishi'. ‘Seishi' was the confirmation of his own intention.
Together with the construction of the Shinto theory, saijo-sho was also constructed in the early days of the Bunmei Period. Enshrined there from the beginning were the deities of about three thousand official shrines across the country listed in engi-shiki ordained in ancient times. Going as far as creating a counterfeit, Kanetomo obtained the authentification for this by official documents. Here we can see a bold move by Kanetomo to deceive even the noble society. The creation of saijo-sho meant the end of traditional worship since ancient times. At the same time, most worship of the Imperial court faced cessation here. After fabrication of the secret by frequently deceiving noble society, Kanetomo's Yoshida Shinto deepened its connection with regional shrines from the latter half of Bunmei, and established the position of “Shinto chojo” family as the leader in the shrine world.},
 pages = {195--209},
 title = {吉田兼倶と吉田神道・斎場所（第2部 技術・呪術・信仰）},
 volume = {157},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {オカダ, ショウジ}
}