{"created":"2023-05-15T14:47:05.864638+00:00","id":2213,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"d40413dc-0e8d-4ad2-a809-ae04c9ce3f96"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"2213","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2213"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002213","sets":["21:214"]},"author_link":["5262","5263"],"control_number":"2213","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2015-02-27","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"94","bibliographicPageStart":"75","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"193","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"基幹研究「地域開発における文化の保存と利用」におけるアイヌ文化に関する研究成果は，2013（平成25）年３月19日にリニューアルオープンした第４展示室（民俗）に反映されている。新しい民俗展示室におけるアイヌ文化についての展示は「アイヌ民族の伝統と現在」というテーマ名をもち，「現代のアイヌアート」と「資源の利用と文化の伝承」というふたつのテーマから構成されている。この展示のベースには，「文化の資源化」，すなわち，アイヌの人たちが，観光や大規模開発などをきっかけとして，どのように自身の文化を対象化し，継承すべき資源として見いだしてきたのか，という問題がある。本稿では，観光を契機とした文化の資源化の観点から，展示で紹介している白老および二風谷を事例として検討するものである。\n白老は，近代以降のアイヌ観光の中心地のひとつであり，和人によるアイヌ観光の問題が顕著に現れた地域でもある。アイヌ民族博物館（1984年設立）は，アイヌ自身が調査・研究をし，調査・研究したことを自ら実践するという体制を確立した。だからといって，観光の場に特有の，観る側と見られる側の非対称な構造がなくなったわけではない。そのような構造においても，アイヌ民族博物館の職員は，観光客に一方的に消費される対象から「見せる主体」へと立ち位置を変えようとする姿勢をもち，それに基づく実践を，日々の業務の中でおこなっている。\n二風谷については，二風谷における観光と工芸品制作の関係を確認した上で，現在の二風谷の代表的木彫家である貝澤徹氏のアイデンティティの変化について記述した。二風谷は，昭和30年代の民芸品ブームとその後の観光客の増加をきっかけとして，民芸品生産を生業のベースにした地域へと移行した。貝澤徹氏は，そのような状況のなかで自ずと木彫の道に入ったが，当初はアイヌの伝統的な木彫には抵抗があったという。その後しだいに伝統文化を受け入れ，自身がつくる作品を「美術的にも評価される作品」へと昇華させようとするところへと変化した。アイヌ民族が制作する木彫品を「工芸品」と呼ぶか，「民芸品」と呼ぶか，「美術」と呼ぶか，それは視線の制度の問題でもある。貝澤氏の実践は，従来「工芸品」「民芸品」と呼ばれることが多かったアイヌの木彫品に対する視線への問いかけでもある。\nアイヌ民族博物館や貝澤徹氏の営みの細部には，アイヌ民族とはなにか，アイヌ文化とは何か，という問いに対して，考えることなく一方的に答えを限定してしまうような構造への思考を可能にするものが含まれている。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"The National Museum of Japanese History conducted the Basic Research “Preservation and Utilization of Culture in Regional Development” including the study of Ainu culture, whose results were reflected in the museum's permanent exhibition in Gallery 4 (Folklore) when it was remodeled and reopened in March 19, 2013. The exhibition of Ainu culture at the new Folklore Gallery has focused on the topic “Traditional and Contemporary Life of the Ainu” as consisting of two themes: “Contemporary Ainu Art” and “Utilization of Resources and Transmission of Culture.” The question underlying the exhibition is the Ainu's use of culture as a resource: how have they objectified their culture and found it to be a resource that should be preserved against the background of tourism and other large-scale development projects? This paper examines the cases of Shiraoi and Nibutani Districts, both of which are included in the exhibition, from the viewpoint of their use of culture as a resource in the context of tourism.\nShiraoi District has been one of the most famous sightseeing places related to the Ainu since the modern times. The district is also where a problem of Ainu tourism by Japanese people typically arose. The Ainu Museum (founded in 1984) established a system for the Ainu to research their own culture and put the results into practice by themselves. However, this does not mean that a typical structure in a sightseeing city, such as an asymmetrical relationship between those who observe and those who are observed, has disappeared. Within this structure, the staff of the Ainu Museum aims to change the position of the Ainu from those who are exploited unilaterally by tourists to those who can act independently in showing their culture, and makes everyday efforts to achieve the goal.\nWith regard to Nibutani District, this article reviews the relationship between tourism and craftwork production and then describes a change in the identity of Toru Kaizawa, a leading woodcraft artisan of the district. Nibutani District shifted their industrial focus to folk art production at the time of the folkcraft boom from the late 1950s to the early 1960s and the subsequent increase of tourists. In this environment, Toru Kaizawa started his career as a woodcraftsman, but he felt reluctant at first to make traditional Ainu woodcraft articles. Later, he was gradually accepting traditional culture and changing his mindset to produce folkcraft articles that can be also valued as art. The question of how to regard the woodcraft of the Ainu-whether it is craftwork, folkcraft, or art-is a matter of viewpoint. It was often considered as craftwork or folkcraft, but the practice of Toru Kaizawa has shed fresh light on this question.\nA detailed examination of the efforts of the Ainu Museum and Toru Kaizawa can make some opportunities to reconsider the questions that have been supposed to have simple answers, such as “Who is the Ainu?” and “What is the Ainu culture?”","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[共同研究] 地域開発における文化の保存と利用","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[Collaborative Research] Preservation and Utilization of Culture in Regional Development","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00002196","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第193集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun8/index.html#no193","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"内田, 順子","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"ウチダ, ジュンコ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Uchida, Junko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_193_04.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"2.8 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_193_04.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2213/files/kenkyuhokoku_193_04.pdf"},"version_id":"390f2335-e65d-4cf0-a78c-a0d88ad64f5e"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"観光","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"文化の資源化","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"アイデンティティ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"展示","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"アイヌアート","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Tourism","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Use of culture as a resource","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Identity","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Exhibition","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Ainu art","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"アイヌ文化の伝承のありかたと観光 : 白老と二風谷の場合","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"アイヌ文化の伝承のありかたと観光 : 白老と二風谷の場合","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"How to Transmit Ainu Culture in the Context of Tourism : Case Studies of Shiraoi and Nibutani Districts","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["214"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"2213","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["アイヌ文化の伝承のありかたと観光 : 白老と二風谷の場合"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-08-17T00:29:43.638830+00:00"}