@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002402,
 author = {村木, 二郎 and Muraki, Jiro},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 京都七条町・八条院町界隈は，銅細工をはじめとした職人や商人が活動した地であることが，説話や『東寺百合文書』を主とした文書類からうかがうことができる。さらにこの地域では発掘調査がしばしばおこなわれており，鋳造関連遺物を中心に具体的な職人の姿を知ることができる。そこから浮かび上がるのは，中世日本最大の金属製品工房街である。
鋳造関連遺構が集中する地区を分けると，七条町に近い北東地区から生産が始まり，ピークを迎える14世紀には南の八条坊門小路から梅小路辺りで鏡生産が集中的におこなわれた推移がわかる。しかし14世紀半ばの戦乱によって，この地は大打撃を受けて職人たちは四散し，工房街の歴史は幕を閉じた。この約300年の間に，七条町・八条院町界隈では次々と新しい意匠の鏡が開発され，またそれを実現するための技術も向上したことが，出土した鋳型からうかがえる。全国に流通した鏡のほとんどが京都産であり，その多くがこの工房街で生産されたと考えられる。なかには中国や朝鮮半島にまでもたらされた製品もあり，それらから偽作品や模倣品も作られた。この地の技術力が，当時の東アジア世界のなかでもトップクラスであったことがわかるのである。
これらを製作した銅細工とは，東寺領院町の年貢台帳類に記載された「百姓」と呼ばれる階層である。そして，発掘調査によって明らかになったのは，通りに面した間口の狭い町屋こそが彼らの工房であり，その小規模な工房の総体が大金属製品工房街の実態であったことである。これまでに積重ねてこられた発掘調査成果に加え，文献資料を併せて用いることで，中世日本の技術力を支えた職人の姿を追う。, According to historical narratives and written sources, such as Tōji Hyakugō Monjo (medieval documents preserved at Tōji Temple), Shichijō-machi and Hachijōin-chō in Kyoto were once home to merchants and artisans of copperwork and other crafts. In these districts, excavations have been frequently made, yielding concrete findings on artisans. In particular, many casting artifacts have been unearthed, which indicates the existence of the largest metalworking community in medieval Japan.
The distribution of remains of metalworking activities shows that the production of copper mirrors started in the northeastern block near Shichijō-machi and then concentrated in the southern block between Hachijō-bōmonkōji and Umekōji Streets during its heyday in the 14th century. These areas, however, sustained massive damage due to a civil war in the mid-14th century. Artisans were scattered, and the history of the metalworking community came to an end. The molds excavated from Shichijō-machi and Hachijōin-chō indicate that artisans designed new mirrors one after another and developed techniques to make them a reality during the 300 years between the rise and fall of these districts. Most of the mirrors distributed in Japan were produced in Kyoto, and many of them are considered to have been produced in these metalworking districts. Some of the mirrors were exported to the Chinese continent and the Korean Peninsula, and they were copied and imitated there. These findings indicate that artisans in Shichijō-machi and Hachijōin-chō had the most advanced technology in the Eastern Asia at that time.
These copper artisans fell into the “hyakushō” class (the masses), according to the tax ledgers for Inchō, the estate of Tōji Temple. Archaeological findings indicate that townhouses with a narrow frontage on the street were used as workshops and that these small workshops constituted this large metalworking community. In addition to these archaeological sources collected over a long period of time, written sources are analyzed in this study to reveal the nature of the artisans who supported the technical advancement of medieval Japan.},
 pages = {49--83},
 title = {中世京都七条町・八条院町界隈における生産活動 : 銅細工を中心に},
 volume = {210},
 year = {2018},
 yomi = {ムラキ, ジロウ}
}