@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002477,
 author = {相川, 陽一 and Aikawa, Yoichi},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 成田空港の計画・建設・稼働・拡張をめぐって長期にわたって展開されてきた三里塚闘争は，学問分野を問わず，運動が興隆した時期の研究蓄積が薄く，本格的な学術研究は1980年代に開始され，未開拓の領域を多く残している。
先行研究を概観すると，歴史学では近年の日本通史において戦後史の巻等に三里塚闘争に関する言及が複数確認でき，高度成長期における諸社会矛盾に異議を申し立てた住民運動の代表例や住民運動と学生運動の合流事例として位置づけられている。近年は，地域住民と支援者の関係に着眼して運動の歴史的推移を論じた研究も発表されている。だが，運動の盛衰と運動展開地域の政治経済構造の変容を関連づけた研究は手薄であり，地域社会の構造的把握と反対運動の歴史的推移の連接関係を明らかにする研究が必要である。
そこで，本稿では，三里塚闘争に関する既存研究や既存の調査データの整理と検討を行った後に，空港反対運動の展開による地域社会構造の変容と空港開発の進行による地域社会構造の変容の2視点から，三里塚闘争の歴史的推移を跡づけた。反対運動が実力闘争化する1960年代末には，空港建設をめぐる衝突が繰り返されたが，同時期の運動展開地の議会において反対派が多くの議席を獲得するなど多様な抗議手段が試みられており，空港反対運動の開始以前から農民運動等の経験をもつ住民層が参画した。しかし，1970年代後半からは空港開発の進行とともに交付金や税収増などによる空港城下町化が進行し，地方議会選挙における多数の候補者擁立といった制度的資源を介した抗議が困難化する傾向も認めることができる。地域社会内の政治経済構造の変容をふまえた運動の歴史的推移をまとめた後には，空港建設にかかる利害を直接に共有しないにもかかわらず多数の支援者が参入した経過や支援者の動員構造を明らかにする課題が残されている。, The Sanrizuka Struggle has been unfolding for years, over the planning, construction, operation, and expansion of Narita Airport. Regardless of the academic discipline, no substantial research was conducted on the Struggle when the movement emerged. Full-fledged academic investigations began only in the 1980s, and a number of areas remain unexplored.
A review of past research yields that multiple references to the Sanrizuka Struggle can be confirmed in texts in the field of history studies in recent overviews that pertain to the post-war period of Japanese history. In these, the Struggle has been positioned as a representative example of resident movements that have challenged various social inconsistencies at the time of rapid economic growth, and as an instance of the confluence of resident and student movements. In recent years, research initiatives that discuss the historical changes in the movement have also been published. These focus on the associations between local residents and supporters of the resistance. However, research that relates the rise and fall of the movement with the transformations observed in the political and economic structure of the region within which the movement developed is insufficient. There is thus a need for scholarly investigation that clarifies the adjacency relation between an understanding of the structure of the local community and the historical transition of the protest movement.
In this paper, therefore, the authors traced the evolution of the Sanrizuka Struggle after collating and evaluating existing studies and available research data. The assessment was effected from two perspectives: the changes that became visible in the structure of the local community because of the expansion of the airport opposition movement; and the transformations that occurred in the structure of the local community as the development of the airport progressed. In the late 1960s, when the protest movement transformed into a competent activist faction, there were repeated clashes over the construction of the airport. During the same period, the opposition won a large number of assembly seats in the regions where the movement was expanding, and varied means of protest were attempted, including the participation of residents who had gained some experience in the political action of protest during the peasant movement that happened before the drive to oppose the airport began. However, since the late 1970s, along with advancements in the development of the airport complex, a progressive transformation of the airport castle town has taken place owing to subsidies and increased tax revenues. Protests conducted through the intervention of institutional resources such as the fielding of candidates in local parliamentary elections also tend to face difficulties in the present socio-economic context. After summarizing the historical changes in the movement on the grounding of the transformation of the political and economic structure of the local community, future research must still contend with the issue of elucidating the process of eliciting the participation of citizens in the movement: Why would such a large number of supporters join such a drive? What mobilization structure made the large-scale public protest possible despite the absence of any direct sharing of stakes related to the airport construction?},
 pages = {169--212},
 title = {三里塚闘争における主体形成と地域変容},
 volume = {216},
 year = {2019},
 yomi = {アイカワ, ヨウイチ}
}