{"created":"2023-05-15T14:47:21.229493+00:00","id":2506,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c9db6ecc-393f-4528-a1fa-9e0d7290f105"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"2506","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2506"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002506","sets":["21:244"]},"author_link":["6030","6031"],"control_number":"2506","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2019-12-27","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"254","bibliographicPageStart":"235","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"218","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"本稿は、品部・雑戸の系譜を引く雑工戸に焦点を当て、彼らに対する管理や収取のあり方がどのように変化していったのかを検討することで、寛平八年（八九六）に造兵司が兵庫寮へと統合されていくことの背景を明らかにしようとするものである。\nこれまで、軍事関係の雑戸である雑工戸が『延喜式』にまで維持されるように、律令国家が彼らに対して強い関心を抱いていたとされながら、一方ではこれら雑工戸は造兵司に上番せず、在地で武器を生産し貢納していたとされ、相反する理解がなされてきた。このように造兵司が立脚する雑工戸への理解が曖昧であったために、なぜ造兵司が解体されて兵庫寮へと統合されたのかという問いにも、明確な解答が出されないままであった。\nその要因は、延喜兵庫式雑工戸条の内容分析の不足と、兵庫寮への統合までの造兵司の活動に対する検討の不足であった。そこで本稿では、こうした不足を補い、造兵司と雑工戸との関係性の変遷を整理して、造兵司解体の要因を探った。\n内容分析から、延喜兵庫式は雑工戸による在地での武器生産などは想定されておらず、延喜兵庫式が依然として中央に工人を上番させることを規定していた。\n次いで八・九世紀の造兵司について、先学の成果によりその中心的機能が軍需生産技術の再生産にあることを確認した。さらに史料から造兵司の活動をうかがうと、造兵司における技術伝習と、造兵司による雑工戸への管理とは、いずれも九世紀に衰退していた。\nその結果、造兵司は雑工戸への支配を放棄して、当時京内を中心に発達した雇用労働と、京畿内における手工業民の増加を背景に、必要な技術者・労働力を雇用する形態へと移行したのであり、大宝令以来雑工戸の管理を職務とした造兵司は解体され、工房機能が兵庫寮へと引き継がれたのであった。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"In this paper, I will focus on zakkōko 雑工戸, groups of miscellaneous artisans descended from the shinabe 品部 and zakko 雑戸, groups of skilled workers in the Nara period. Through an examination of the changes in their management and recruitment, I will clarify the context that led to the integration of the Office of Weapon Manufacture into the Bureau of Military Storehouses in the eighth year of the Kanpyō era (896).\nScholars have developed mutually incompatible understandings of this process. On one hand, it is thought that the zakkōko, made up of zakko who were involved in military affairs, was maintained until the Engishiki because the ritsuryō state had a strong interest in them; on the other hand, some think they were not made to serve in the Bureau of Military Storehouses and ended up producing weapons in the provinces as tribute. In this way, because there was only a vague understanding of the zakkōko on which the Office of Weapon Manufacture was based, scholars have been unable to provide a clear answer to the question of why the Office of Weapon Manufacture was dissolved and incorporated into the Bureau of Military Storehouses.\nI think there are two reasons for this. First, article 31 on the zakkōko from the \"Procedures for the Bureau of Military Storehouses\" in the Engishiki has not been properly analyzed; and second, the activities of Office of Weapon Manufacture up until into incorporation into the Bureau of Military Storehouses have not been sufficiently examined. Therefore, in this paper I will offer a corrective to these shortcomings by outlining the change in the relationship between the Office of Weapon Manufacture and the zakkōko, and by investigating the reasons that brought to the dissolution of the Office of Weapon Manufacture.\nFrom an analysis of the \"Procedures for the Bureau of Military Storehouses\" in the Engishiki it can be noted that there is no mention of the fact that the zakkōko would be engaged in the production of weapon in the provinces, and it is specified that, as it was also previously done, craftsmen would be made to serve in the center.\nConcerning the Office of Weapon Manufacture in the eighth and ninth centuries, I have corroborated the results of previous research by showing that its central function lay in the reproduction of manufacturing techniques for military supplies. In addition, the historical sources that record the activities of the Office of Weapon Manufacture show that the technical training within the office and its management of the zakkōko were in decline in the ninth century.\nAs a result, the Office of Weapon Manufacture relinquished control over the zakkōko, and on the backdrop of the growth of the labor force in the capital and of the increase of people involved in handcraft manufacture in the central provinces, it switched to a system in which technicians and manpower would be hired as necessary. Thus, the Office of Weapon Manufacture, which since the emanation of the Taihō codes had been in charge of administering the zakkōko, was dissolved, and its function as a place of production was inherited by the Bureau of Military Storehouses.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[共同研究] 古代の百科全書『延喜式』の多分野協働研究　中間報告","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"[Collaborative Research] Multidisciplinary Research on the Engishiki : Japan's Ancient Encyclopedia","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第218集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun9/index.html#no218","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"古田, 一史","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"フルタ, カズフミ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Furuta, Kazufumi","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2021-03-31"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_218_13.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"578.3 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_218_13.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2506/files/kenkyuhokoku_218_13.pdf"},"version_id":"7746012c-020c-4886-b2cd-ac1d1fe655f2"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"雑工戸","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"造兵司","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"兵庫寮","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"延喜兵庫式","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"技術労働力","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Zakkōko 雑工戸","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Groups of Miscellaneous Artisans","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"the Office of Weapon Manufacture","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"the Bureau of Military Storehouses","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"the Engishiki","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"the labor force","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"[論文] 雑工戸の変質と造兵司の解体","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"[論文] 雑工戸の変質と造兵司の解体","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"[Article] The Transformation of the Zakkōko (Groups of Miscellaneous Artisans) and the Dissolution of the Office of Weapon Manufacture","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["244"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2021-03-31"},"publish_date":"2021-03-31","publish_status":"0","recid":"2506","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["[論文] 雑工戸の変質と造兵司の解体"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-08-01T00:45:24.812312+00:00"}