@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002842,
 author = {吉野, 武 and YOSHINO, Takeshi},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 本稿では、多賀城南面における街並み形成の前提として、宝亀十一年（七八〇）の伊治公呰麻呂の謀反を契機とする多賀城の火災と復興、それらと征討との関連を検討した。まず、多賀城の火災が律令制的な支配や国家の威光を象徴する政庁等の主要施設を中心とした点に注目し、本来は小規模な単位からなる蝦夷の部隊が呰麻呂の謀反で一斉蜂起し、国司の逃走と籠城した百姓の四散で空城となった多賀城に襲来した結果とみた。蝦夷は貴重な物品がありそうな施設に殺到し、略奪を尽くしたうえで放火したと考えられる。
次に、派遣された征東軍と火災との関係、征討の経過を検討した。呰麻呂の謀反と多賀城炎上の経緯を記す『続日本紀』同年三月の史料は後にまとめられたものであり、政府は国司の逃走を五月、多賀城の炎上を七月になって認識したとみられる。このため謀反の第一報直後に派遣された征東使は現地で想定外の難局に直面し、天皇との間で征討に対する考え方の差が開いた。征討は容易に実施できず、征東使の刷新と天皇の厳命によって十一月以降に大崎地方等の城柵を復したが、翌年五月には軍を解散した。その後、天皇は上京させた征東副使の説明で現地の詳細を十分認識した結果、考えを改めて征東使等を賞したと考える。
多賀城の復興はまず征東使が手がけ、その帰還後は新たな陸奥守内蔵全成と按察使の大伴家持が進めたとみられる。具体的な経過については政庁跡出土漆紙文書に注目し、多賀城の政治的機能は征東軍の駐留によって宝亀十一年九月頃にはある程度回復したものの、仮設の第Ⅲ―１期政庁は天応元年（七八一）以降、本格的な同２期政庁は延暦三年八月を上限とする延暦四年（七八三）頃の竣工を考えた。同年前半には家持と全成が陸奥国を去って多治比宇美が按察使と守、鎮守副将軍を兼ねる呰麻呂謀反以前の紀広純の頃の体制に戻り、上京した家持の申請による多賀・階上郡の真郡化で多賀城の防衛が強化されたことと符合する。, The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the actual situation of the fire at Tagajo due to the rebellion of Emishi in the year Houki 11 (780), the process of suppressing the rebellion, and the process of rebuilding Tagajo. Tagajo, surrounded by castle walls, was the political and military base of the ancient Mutsu Country. Consideration of the excavation historical materials revealed that the fire of Tagajo was centered on major facilities, such as central government offices and castle gates, that symbolize the dignity of the nation. I think that the situation was the result of the Emishi fighting group originally composing of small units, attacking Tagajo with all at once. Also Tagajo at that time was an uninhabited castle because the leaders and people who defended the castle fled after hearing the mass uprising of Emishi. Emishi rushed to a high-grade facility in the castle like a mob and repeatedly looted. And finally an arson was performed.
Next, I presented a new historical interpretation of the process of suppressing this rebellion. After hearing the report of the rebellion, the Emperor immediately dispatched a force of suppression army from the capital. However, the suppression did not proceed as expected by the Emperor. The reason is that the scale and damage of the revolt were larger than expected, such as the fall of Tagajo. Lack of damage information and lack of preparedness for the suppression army were also added. As a result, the suppression army arriving in the Mutsu Country were in a severe situation. Military action was carried out by a strong order of the Emperor, but the outcome of the war was limited to the recovery of castles and areas lost in the rebellion. In light of this result, I pointed out that there was a large difference between the suppression army and the Emperor at perceptions of the situation in areas devastated by the rebellion.
On the other hand, the reconstruction of Tagajo was first started by the suppression army. Next, I think that Yakamochi Otomo and Matanari Kura, who have been newly appointed as leaders of Mutsu Country, had advanced a full-scale reconstruction. In addition, I examined the process of reconstruction based on paper documents, which had used for container lid with lacquer, excavated at the central government office of the Tagajo ruins. As a result, I think that a temporary central government office was completed after the first year of Tenou (781). Next, in the first half of the year Enryaku 4 (783), I concluded that the central government office, which consisting of full-scale buildings, and the main facilities of the entire castle were rebuilt.},
 pages = {247--275},
 title = {[論文] 多賀城の炎上・復興と征東軍},
 volume = {232},
 year = {2022},
 yomi = {ヨシノ, タケシ}
}