@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000292,
 author = {設楽,  博己 and Shitara,  Hiromi},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {application/pdf, 弥生時代の定義に関しては，水田稲作など本格的な農耕のはじまった時代とする経済的側面を重視する立場と，イデオロギーの質的転換などの社会的側面を重視する立場がある。時代区分の指標は時代性を反映していると同時に単純でわかりやすいことが求められるから，弥生文化の指標として，水田稲作という同じ現象に「目的」や「目指すもの」の違いという思惟的な分野での価値判断を要求する後者の立場は，客観的でだれにでもわかる基準とはいいがたい。本稿は前者の立場に立ち，その場合に問題とされてきた「本格的な」という判断の基準を，縄文農耕との違いである「農耕文化複合」の形成に求める。これまでの東日本の弥生文化研究の歴史に，近年のレプリカ法による初期農耕の様態解明の研究成果を踏まえたうえで，東日本の初期弥生文化を農耕文化複合ととらえ，関東地方の中期中葉以前あるいは東北地方北部などの農耕文化を弥生文化と認めない後者の立場との異同を論じる。弥生文化は，大陸で長い期間をかけて形成された多様な農耕の形態を受容して，土地条件などの自然環境や集団編成の違いに応じて地域ごとに多様に展開した農耕文化複合ととらえたうえで，真の農耕社会や政治的社会の形成はその後半期に，限られた地域で進行したものとみなした。, Yayoi Culture as a Complex of Multiple Farming Cultures With regard to the definition of the Yayoi period, there are two kinds of perspective. One standpoint, attaching importance to a turning point of economic history, regards the full-scale initiation of agriculture such as rice cultivation as the start of the period. Another standpoint, putting stress on social aspects, pays more attention to qualitative changes in ideology. Criteria of period division should reflect trends at each time. At the same time, they should be simple and clear. Although both standpoints adopt rice cultivation as criteria, the latter standpoint is unlikely to be objective and clear for everyone because it requires a subjective judgment such as purposes and aims of the phenomenon. The period division should be independent of historical assessment. Adopting the former standpoint, this article defines the former’s ambiguous criterion of the full-scale initiation as the formation of a complex of farming cultures, a significant difference from the Jomon farming culture. The present article also reviews the history of studies on the Yayoi culture in eastern Japan as well as recent research using the replica method, which is the analysis of modeling the holes on the surface of potteries and observing by microscope and deciding the species of plants, to give a picture of the initial farming culture. Regarding the Initial Yayoi culture in eastern Japan as a complex of farming cultures, this article observes differences from the former studies that refuse to accept as the Yayoi culture the farming culture of the Kanto region before the middle of the Middle Yayoi period or that of the northern Tohoku region. The article recognizes the Yayoi culture as a complex of farming cultures that inherited a wide variety of agricultural forms which had been slowly cultivated in China and then developed in each area according to its own land conditions, environmental aspects, and group organization. The formation of true farming societies and political societies is considered here to have progressed in a limited area in the latter half of the Yayoi period.},
 pages = {449--469},
 title = {農耕文化複合と弥生文化},
 volume = {185},
 year = {2014},
 yomi = {シタラ, ヒロミ}
}