{"created":"2023-05-15T14:45:54.216965+00:00","id":776,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"b3d92f65-d1ab-4fd7-a4de-e39027c8b34f"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"776","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"776"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000776","sets":["21:97"]},"author_link":["2263","2264"],"control_number":"776","item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1996-02-29","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"166","bibliographicPageStart":"141","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"66","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"日本の農業生産の場である耕地片は小さく、しかもその小さい耕地片がそれぞれ異なる農民によって所有され、あるいは耕作されているということは古くから知られていたことである。一九五〇年代を中心にした日本の社会経済史では、この分散零細耕地形状を封建制の表現、あるいは封建社会の基礎にあった共同体の存立基盤として把握し、その形成過程を明らかにする論が展開したことは知られている。それらの論が提出されて以降、近世の百姓が経営する耕地の存在形態は「零細錯圃制」であったと言うことが、必ずしも実証されることはないまま、一つの決まり文句として近世史研究では常識化したといえよう。しかし、耕地形状の研究が共同体論と深く結び付き過ぎていたために、共同体研究が下火になると共に関心が薄れ、研究は深まることがなかった。重要な研究課題が放置されたままになっているのである。本論文はあらためてこの問題を取り上げて、南関東地方の一村落における錯圃制耕地の形成過程を実証的に明らかにし、その結果から錯圃制耕地論の意義を考えようとするものである。\nこの研究は地図上に具体的な水田の配置を描き、それをだれが所有しているかを記入することを一六世紀末から一九世紀にかけてのいくつかの年次について行い、その変化から考察するという方法を採用した。この村のもっとも古い水田の配置状況を知ることができる一六世紀末において村落は三軒の家で構成され、各家は屋敷と耕地を一括して所有するという一種の農場形式のあり方を示していた。その三軒から一七世紀中期には九軒の家に増加するが、その過程で屋敷と耕地の完全な一括性は崩れ、屋敷近くに田を確保しつつも、その他の離れた場所にもいくつかに分けて所有するという姿が一般化した。この結果として、近世の村落秩序の基礎に耕地の錯圃制があったことは明らかであるが、その形成過程にはそれまでの屋敷の放棄と新たな屋敷の設定による集落形成があったことに注目しなければならないであろう。そして、一七世紀後半は、各家が均等分割を繰り返しながら家数を増加させた時期であり、その均等分割が耕地の散在性を強め、いわゆる零細錯圃制をもたらした。それは屋敷が互いに隣接して設定することによるひと続きの集落景観の出現と対応している。家々の分立に際して生産条件を等しくしようとする判断が、田を交互に持つような形で徹底した均等分割を行わせており、ここに零細錯圃制が確定した。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"It has long been recognized that farmland in Japan is characterized by the small size of the basic plot and by the fact that a given tract of such plots is generally owned and cultivated by a number of different farmers. Particularly in the 1950s, scholars of Japanese socioeconomic history understood this variegated or “patchwork” composition of small plots (sakuho-sei kōchi) as a manifestation of feudalism, or more specifically as the existentil basis of the agrarian community unit upon which feudalism was jounded, and they sought to elucidate the historical process by which that system of farmland distribution came about. Since such arguments were advanced, “patchwork system of very small plots” became, without being conclusively substantiated, an accepted deseription of the configuration of farmland operated by peasants in early modern Japan. However, because research on agricultural land distribution was very closely associated with the study of the rural community, interest in land distribution waned before much progress had been made when scholarly interest in the community slipped into decline. In this way, an important topic of hisyorical research was left largely unattended.\nTaking up this issue anew, the present study is an empirical inquiry into the process by which farmland in one village in southern Kantō region came to be organized in patchwork distribution, and considers the broader significance of that systembased on the findings. The study proceeds by mapping the arrangement and ownership of actual rice paddies in the village at various times from the seventeen into nineteenth centuries, and examining the changes over that period. In 1603, the earliest year for which records show rice paddy arrangement in the village, the village comprised three households, each possessing living premises and farmland en bloc. By the mid-seventeenth century, the village had grown to nine households. In the process, the house-and-farm unity broke up; in most cases each horsehold now had plots both adjoining the residence and located some distance from it. This testifies to the presence of the sakuho-sei system of farmland distribution as a basis for the early-modern rural order. It must also be acknowledged that this system emerged as new hamlets as people left older farm houses and built new ones in other places. The late-seventeenth century then saw a considerable increase in the number of households in rural areas as each one subdivided its land roughly equally among children as they grew to adulthood. This practice of equalapportionment resulted in the further scattering of each household's plots throughout the total area of arable land, thus giving rise to the “patchwork” arrangement. This marked the advent of a hamlet landscape where in the residences of the constituent households were positioned closely together. The effort to equalize the conditions of production among children led to the practice of subdividing plots, taking differences in harvestability into consideration so that the share would be equal, and thus to the establishment of the small-plot, patchwork configuration of farmland.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_heading_23":{"attribute_name":"見出し","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"日本の農耕文化の諸問題―農耕文化研究会研究成果報告 1―","subitem_heading_language":"ja"},{"subitem_heading_banner_headline":"Studies on Farming Culture","subitem_heading_language":"en"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15024/00000759","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立歴史民俗博物館","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第66集 収録論文 タイトルリスト"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun3/index.html#no66","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00377607","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0286-7400","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"福田, アジオ","creatorNameLang":"ja"},{"creatorName":"フクタ, アジオ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Fukuta, Azio","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-04-01"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"kenkyuhokoku_066_07.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.6 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"kenkyuhokoku_066_07.pdf","url":"https://rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/776/files/kenkyuhokoku_066_07.pdf"},"version_id":"80e458b3-e4d8-4585-905b-bea4730bfe2c"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"錯圃制耕地の形成と近世村落","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"錯圃制耕地の形成と近世村落","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"The Early-Modern Village and the Evolution of “Patchwork” Farmland Distribution","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["97"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2016-04-01"},"publish_date":"2016-04-01","publish_status":"0","recid":"776","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["錯圃制耕地の形成と近世村落"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-08-18T04:28:59.496787+00:00"}