@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000915,
 author = {北原, 糸子 and Kitahara, Itoko},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, ここでは，災害資史料全般の見通しを付ける第一歩として，民間の情報活動が活発化する近世中後期以降災害絵図を素材に，史料の分類を試みた。分類は，制作担当者，成果物の閲覧者または利用者，制作目的の三項を基準に行い，Ａ　領主が公的な目的で作らせたもの，Ｂ　領主の命令に応じて村役人などが被害の報告を行ったもの，Ｃ　個人的必要や興味で記録・絵図にあらわしたもの，Ｄ　世の中の不特定多数の人々に向けて売り出すために作られたものの概ね四種類に分類した。
この分類にしたがって，１）天明３年浅間山噴火（1783），２）寛政４年雲仙普賢岳噴火（1792），３）弘化４年善光寺地震（1847），４）安政大地震（1854，1855）の５つの大災害の実例を検討した。
上記の例に即して，同一の災害に関するＡ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄそれぞれのカテゴリーに属する絵図類を比較検討することを通して，何のために，何に向かって発せられるかが，情報内容をいかに大きく規定するものかを実態的に認識することができた。特に本論では，従来の災害研究では正確な情報ではないとして評価が低いＤに分類されるかわら版類を，近世情報構造のなかに位置づけ，その位相を把握することができたことは意義がある。, The present study focuses on picture-maps of disasters drawn in the late Early Modern period. We will see how a disaster is depicted on the picture-map and what kind of information it is supposed to convey to the reader. Through the analysis of the disaster-pictures, we will understand the socio-informational structure of that time. The cases of the following four disasters will be discussed : 1. the Eruption of Asama Volcano (1783), 2. the Eruption of Unzen Volcano (1792), 3. the Zenkoji Earthquake (1847), 4. the two Big “Ansei” Earthquakes.
The disaster-pictures can be classified into the following four categories in terms of their purpose and making.
A. The feudal domain (HAN) as a patron ordered professional cartographers to record the disaster in order to capture the actual conditions of the disaster.
B. Village officers drew picture-maps in order to report the damage of the disaster in their village to the government, or they just wanted to make a record of their experiences for future generations.
C. People recorded the disaster just for their own use.
D. Booksellers and people in printing businesses made a documentary of a disaster or KAWARABAN (wood-block print) in order to sell at stores or on street corners for the masses.
Categories A, B, and C are considered to have existed from the beginning of the Early Modern period, on the other hand, category D became popularized only after the mid Early Modern period when the social condition for the buying and selling information was established.
The amount of records in categories C and D increased drastically and their contents became rich in the late Early Modern period. However, the total amount of records in a given period depends on the occurrence rate of disasters.
The four categories proposed above reflect the degrees of accessibility of information for people in the society. The issue of information accessibility in the Early Modern period is characterized by the fact that administrators hid or forbad information which were unfavorable to them. But the peculiar problems to the disaster information was often passed over, or allowed to be illegally published to prevent the false rumours and to secure the whole society.},
 pages = {57--100},
 title = {災害絵図研究試論 : 18世紀後半から19世紀の日本における災害事例を中心に（歴史時代の環境変遷）},
 volume = {81},
 year = {1999},
 yomi = {キタハラ, イトコ}
}