@article{oai:rekihaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000969,
 author = {安室, 知 and Yasumuro, Satoru},
 journal = {国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, 本稿の目的は，日本における水田漁撈の実態を明らかにし，その民俗的・歴史的意義を論じることにある。そして，その上で，新たな漁撈類型として水田漁撈を提唱する。
水田漁撈の場合，その主たる舞台となるのが水田用水系である。従来，内水面漁撈は，湖沼と河川に分類されてきたが，第３の水界として水田用水系は重要な意味を持っている。水田用水系とは，水田・溜池・用水路といった稲作のために作られた人工的水界を指し，その特徴は，稲作活動により１年をサイクルとして水流・水量・水温などの水環境が多様に変化することにある。
水田漁撈とは，水田用水系を舞台にして，稲作の諸活動によって引き起こされる水流・水温・水量などの水環境の変化を巧みに利用し，ウケや魚伏籠といった漁具を用いて行う漁である。漁の対象は，水田に高度に適応した生活様式を持つドジョウ・フナ・コイなどの水田魚類である。水田漁撈は，漁獲原理の上で，受動的で小規模な漁撈技術を多用する水田用水期（４～９月）と能動的で比較的大規模な漁撈が行われる水田乾燥期（10～３月）の２期に分けられる。
水田漁撈の民俗的・歴史的な意義として，以下の５点を指摘することができる。①自給的生計活動（動物性タンパク質獲得技術）としての重要性，②金銭収入源としての重要性，③水田漁撈が生み出す稲作社会の統合，④水田漁撈の娯楽性，⑤稲作史に与えた影響。
従来，水田漁撈は漁撈技術による類型では「雑漁」とされ，農民が行う取るに足らない生業として扱われてきたが，その裾野は漁業者による漁撈よりもはるかに広いものがある。さらにいうと，水田漁撈は日本にとどまらず東・南アジアの水田稲作圏全域にかかわる問題である。また歴史的にみても，稲作文化と漁撈との関係は根源的なものがうかがわれる。, The purpose of this paper is to clarify the actual condition of the Japanese paddy field fishery and to discuss its folkloric and historic significance. Then, the author advocates it as a new type of fishery.
In the discussion of the paddy field fishery, its major sphere is the water system for rice paddy field. The inland water fishery has so far been divided into two groups, the lacustrine and the river fisheries. However, the water system for the rice field has great significance as the third sphere. This system designates the man-made hydrosphere, devised, controlled and maintained for rice crop: its characteristics are, unlike the natural hydrosphere, the water conditions such as currents, quantity and temperature of water, vary greatly annually according to the activities of rice cultivation. The paddy field fishery is done with the fishing gear such as fish pots and traps, taking full advantage of the change of the water conditions as the result of the various activities of rice agriculture. The targets of this fishery are freshwater fish for example the loach (dojo), the crucian (funa) and the carp, which are highly adapted life styles to the paddy field. It can be divided into two seasons according to fishing principles; the one is the paddy field season (April to September) which needs a lot of small scale, passive techniques, and the other is the dry season (October to March) which involves relatively large scale, active fishery. The following five points can be noted as the folkloric and historic significance of the paddy field fishery: 1) the importance of the self-supporting living activities (how to gain animal protein), 2) the importance of cash income resources, 3) unification of the rice cultivating society produced by paddy field fishery, 4) recreational factor of the fishery, 5) the influence on the history of rice agriculture.
The paddy field fishery has so far been classified technologically in miscellaneous fisheries, and has been considered as unimportant fishing activities by farmers; however, the practical base of this fishery is far wider spread than the fishery by fishermen. Moreover, the paddy field fishery is an issue concerning not only with Japan but also with all the paddy field rice cultivating regions in Southeast Asia. Observing historically, too, fundamental relation is indicated between rice harvesting culture and the fishery.},
 pages = {107--139},
 title = {「水田漁撈」の提唱 : 新たな漁撈類型の設定に向けて（生業と自然と労働の交差するところ）},
 volume = {87},
 year = {2001},
 yomi = {ヤスムロ, サトル}
}