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高橋峯次郎と七千通の軍事郵便（2. 銃後の村）
https://doi.org/10.15024/00001069
https://doi.org/10.15024/000010690a413a5f-450e-46d7-8e4f-2164a7830074
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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kenkyuhokoku_101_08.pdf (2.2 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2016-04-01 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 高橋峯次郎と七千通の軍事郵便（2. 銃後の村） | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | TAKAHASHI Minejiro and Seven Thousand Military Letters (2. The Home Front) | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ID登録 | ||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15024/00001069 | |||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||
| 著者 |
小田嶋, 恭二
× 小田嶋, 恭二× Odajima, Kyoji |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | 藤根村という東北の貧しい農村に生まれた高橋峯次郎という一教師をとおして、彼が生きた明治・大正・昭和の三時代とはどういう時代であったのか、また村の指導者として日露戦争、満州事変そして太平洋戦争に、どのように関与し行動したかを考察する。 峯次郎という人間を考える上でのキーワードは、「貧しい農村」、「青少年教育」、「兵隊バカ」の三つである。これは、彼が生前六六年間書き続けた日記、三七年間発行し続けた『真友』、教え子から受け取った七千通を超える軍事郵便、生涯にわたって手がけた二冊の郷土史から拾い上げることができる。 彼は、藩政時代から繰り返し起こる飢饉や百姓一揆の恐ろしさ、戊辰戦争の敗北により明治政府から疎外されてきた東北農村の歴史を聞いて育つ。苦学して師範学校を卒業し、教員となり村の青少年教育に情熱を注ぐが、戦争という暗い陰がいつも隣り合わせであった。日露戦争にも従軍し、戦争の悲惨さや家族に及ぼす影響を痛いほど知っていた。そのため、教え子が戦地に行って苦労しないよう軍事訓練をしたり、出征兵士に村の様子、家族の様子を知らせる『真友』や激励の手紙を送付した。時には異常なまで軍に協力する姿が、誤解され「兵隊バカ」と呼ばれることもあった。 昭和二〇年八月一五日敗戦という結末で太平洋戦争は終わる。これまで政治を信じ軍部を信じ「兵隊バカ」とまで呼ばれ、国策遂行に協力したことに対し、敗戦を境にその指導責任を問われることになる。戦争で教え子を失い、これまで村の指導者としてとった行動が否定され、心に深い傷を負う。戦後、彼は戦死した教え子の霊を供養し、遺族たちの世話や恵まれない人々や子どもの世話をし、社会福祉に奉仕する。これは彼自身の戦争責任の取り方であり、また一つの人生のけじめのつけ方でもあったのではないか。 |
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| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | This paper looks at the life of educator TAKAHASI Minejiro, born in the poor village of Fujine in the Tohoku region of Japan, and attempts to shed light on the three eras―Meiji, Taisho, and Showa―in which he lived, as well as on his involvement, as a village educator, in the Russo-Japanese War, the Manchurian Incident, and the War of the Pacific. Three key concepts that need to be kept in mind with regard to Minejiro are: “poor farming village”, “youth education”, and “military enthusiast”. Minejiro's relationship to these key concepts can be seen in his diary, which he kept for sixty-six years until his death, in the SHINYU (True Friend), which Minejiro continuously issued for thirty-seven years, in over seven thousand letters sent to him via military mail from former pupils, and in the two volumes of local history, the compilation of which was his lifework. Minejiro grew up being told stories about the horrors of famine and peasants' revolts, which repeatedly occurred since the days of clan rule, and learning the history of the Tohoku villages which, since their defeat in the Boshin War, were alienated from the Meiji government. He worked his way through a school of teachers' course and became a teacher, putting his energies into the education of the youths of the village, but the dark shadow of war was close at hand. Minejiro had served in the Russo-Japanese war and was acutely aware of the miseries of war and its effect on families. Therefore, he made his pupils do military drills so as to make it easier for them when they were called to the battle front and sent copies of SHINYU, containing news of the village and their families, together with encouraging letters to the soldiers. At times, Minejiro's exceptionally cooperative attitude towards the military was misconstrued, causing him to be called a “military enthusiast”. The War in the Pacific ended in defeat for Japan on August 15, 1945. With Japan's defeat, Minejiro, who until then had put his faith in politics and the military to the extent of being called a “military enthusiast”, suddenly found himself questioned with regard to his responsibilities as an educator and his cooperation with national policy. With the loss of his former pupils in the war and the denunciation of his former actions as an educator, Minejiro experienced heavy grief. After the war, Minejiro devoted himself to social welfare activities, holding memorial services for those former pupils who died in the war and looking after bereaved families and deprived children. One might conclude that this was his way of accounting for his war-guilt and one way of taking responsibility for his own choices in life. |
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| 書誌情報 |
ja : 国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History 巻 101, p. 211-230, 発行日 2003-03-31 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国立歴史民俗博物館 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0286-7400 | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00377607 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun5/index.html#no101 | |||||
| 関連名称 | 第101集 収録論文 タイトルリスト | |||||
| フォーマット | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
| 見出し | ||||||
| 大見出し | 村と戦場／[共同研究] 近現代の兵士の実像Ⅰ | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| 見出し | ||||||
| 大見出し | Village and Battle Front / [Collaborative Research] The Real Image of Modern Soldiers I | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
