WEKO3
アイテム
弥生時代と鉄器
https://doi.org/10.15024/00001449
https://doi.org/10.15024/0000144967e7224f-5e2d-4760-82bd-24c814a693b7
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
kenkyuhokoku_133_07.pdf (2.8 MB)
|
|
| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 公開日 | 2016-04-01 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 弥生時代と鉄器 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Yayoi Period and Iron Implements | |||||
| 言語 | en | |||||
| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| ID登録 | ||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15024/00001449 | |||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||
| 著者 |
春成, 秀爾
× 春成, 秀爾× Harunari, Hideji |
|||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | 弥生時代前期から鉄器時代であった，ともっともつよく主張したのは杉原荘介である。杉原は，1943年，アジア・太平洋戦争中に，弥生文化は農耕と金属をもつ文化であることを強調した。しかし，金属については具体的な資料をほとんど挙げていない。戦争中の米は戦地での食糧，鉄は軍艦・大砲の材料であった。戦いに勝つためには鉄が必要という当時の日本がおかれていた状況を，杉原は自らの意見に無意識のうちに反映させていた。杉原の説はその後1960年代に近藤義郎が継承した。こうして根拠は不十分ながら，弥生前期以来鉄器時代であったとする説は一般化した。そして，1980年代に福岡県曲り田遺跡で鉄器が見つかると，弥生早期から鉄器時代とする考えが広まった。 2002年以来，弥生早～中期の資料の炭素14年代測定を国立歴史民俗博物館の研究グループが集中的におこなった結果，弥生時代の始まりは前10世紀までさかのぼる可能性がでてきた。そこで，弥生早・前期の鉄器についても対応を迫られることになった。筆者はそれらの鉄器の出土状況を検討した結果，弥生早・前期の鉄器はすべて後の時期の鉄器の混入とみなすほかなくなり，弥生早・前期には鉄器は存在しなかったと考えるにいたった。 鉄器は，弥生中期初めないし前葉に鋳造鉄斧またはその破片を再加工した斧，鑿，鉇に始まり，その状態は中期後葉まで存続する。鋳造鉄斧は，2条突帯をもつ中国の戦国時代燕の型式である。燕の文化をよく示す明刀銭が九州・本州にきていないので，鋳造鉄斧の多くは当初から完全品だけでなく破片の形でもたらされたと考えられる。青銅器も同じ時期に普及し始めているので，青銅器あるいはその原材とともに朝鮮半島西南部付近からはいってきたのであろう。 鍛造鉄器は弥生時代中期後葉に現れる。鍛冶遺構は中期末の例が，福岡，広島，岡山で見つかっているから，このころから鉄素材を入手し，鍛冶加工して製品化することが始まったのであろう。魏志倭人伝の記載から，弥生・古墳時代前半期の鉄素材は朝鮮半島南部からもたらされたとする説が有力である。弥生後期のうちに，列島全域で石器が消滅し鉄器が普及しているけれども，これをすべて朝鮮半島南部から供給されたと考えてよいのかの問題は，なお未解決である。 |
|||||
| 抄録 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
| 内容記述 | It was Sosuke Sugihara who has most strenuously asserted that the age after Early Yayoi was an age of iron implements. In 1943, during the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific, Sugihara stressed that the Yayoi culture was a culture rice cultivation and metals. However, he provided scarcely any specific data on metals. During the war, rice served as food on the battlefields and iron served as a material for making warships and artillery. Sugihara unconsciously reflected in his own opinion Japan's situation at that time, which required iron for it to be victorious. This theory of Sugihara's was passed on to Yoshiro Kondo in the 1960s. It was in this way that the theory that the age of iron in Japan began after Early Yayoi gained general acceptance, even though there were insufficient grounds. Then, when in the 1980s iron implements were found at the Magarita site in Fukuoka Prefecture, the belief that the Iron Age began in Initial Yayoi spread. Since 2002, a research group at the National Museum of Japanese History has been intensively dating materials from Early Yayoi through Middle Yayoi using the radiocarbon dating method. From the results of this work it now appears that the Yayoi period began as far back as the 10th century BC. This has in turn brought pressure to bear on the matter of iron implements in Initial and Early Yayoi. As a result of examining the circumstances of the excavation of these iron implements, the author has had no option but to conclude that all of these Initial and Early Yayoi iron implements were mixed in with iron implements from a later period, leading to the conclusion that iron implements did not exist during Initial and Early Yayoi. Yayoi period iron implements began with cast items. Axes, chisels and scaupers made from reworking cast iron axe pieces go back to the period from the beginning of Middle Yayoi through to the end of Middle Yayoi. This situation continued up until the end of Middle Yayoi. The cast iron axes have two raised bands and are in the Yan style, a state that existed in China's Warring States period. Since bronze coins, which are highly indicative of the Yan culture, had not come to Kyushu or Honshu, it is conceivable that most of the cast iron adzes did not start out as complete items but were brought in pieces. As bronze implements also began to become common in the same period, these iron implements were probably brought from the southwest of the Korean peninsula with bronze implements and the materials used to make them. Forged iron implements appeared at the end of Middle Yayoi. In light of the discovery of examples of forged relics from the end of Middle Yayoi in Fukuoka, Hiroshima and Okayama, it is likely that from around this time people obtained iron materials and forged them to make products. Writings contained in the Weizhi, add weight to the theory that in the Yayoi period and the first half of the Kofun period iron materials were brought to Japan from the south of the Korean peninsula. Although during Late Yayoi, stone implements disappeared completely from the Japanese archipelago and iron implements became widespread, the question of whether it is acceptable to believe that all of these were supplied from the southern part of the Korean peninsula remains unresolved. |
|||||
| 書誌情報 |
ja : 国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History 巻 133, p. 173-198, 発行日 2006-12-20 |
|||||
| 出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 国立歴史民俗博物館 | |||||
| 言語 | ja | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0286-7400 | |||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00377607 | |||||
| 関連サイト | ||||||
| 識別子タイプ | URI | |||||
| 関連識別子 | https://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/outline/publication/ronbun/ronbun6/index.html#no133 | |||||
| 関連名称 | 第133集 収録論文 タイトルリスト | |||||
| フォーマット | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | application/pdf | |||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
